Publications | PChiuGroup

Selected Publications

2026

Expanding the Hydrocarbon Landscape: Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized ttt-[13]Graphanes. Chu, A. K. H.; Ng, Elvis W. H.; Rizzo, A.;* Chiu, P.* J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2026, 148, accepted.

Abstract: Despite the significant interest in rigid, sp³-rich 3D hydrocarbon frameworks in medicinal and materials chemistry, the [13]graphanyl scaffold has remained synthetically prohibitive and consequently, underexplored. Herein, we report a scalable, de novo stereoselective synthesis of the ttt-[13]graphanyl architecture utilizing a key dienyne metathesis cascade. To overcome the profound steric shielding at the central carbon vertex, we harnessed radical-mediated photocatalytic decarboxylation to install diverse functional groups, generating a library of centrally-derivatized ttt-[13]G analogues. Complementary peripheral functionalization was also achieved via site-selective MHAT chemistry. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations rationalized the empirical reactivity trends, mapping the competitive landscape between Giese additions and hydrogen-atom transfer quenching. Finally, X-ray crystallographic analyses confirmed a substituent-dependent "doming" distortion of the rigid tricyclic framework. Together, these results provide a synthetic foundation to incorporate the [13]graphane architecture into advanced functional molecules, offering a new 3D node for rational molecular design.

Ring-opening Alkyne Metathesis Polymerization Catalyzed by a Bench Stable Rhenium Complex. Zheng, Y.; Chan, R. L. Y.; Cha, S.; Peterson, G. I.; Huang, J.; Jia, G.; Chiu, P.*; Rizzo, A.* J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2026, 148, 5566-5573. https://doi.10.1021/jacs.5c19886

Abstract: In the last quarter of a century, ring-opening alkene metathesis polymerization has revolutionized the ability to synthesize functional polymers. In comparison, current methods for ring-opening alkyne metathesis polymerization (ROAMP) remain constrained by a narrow scope of monomers and catalysts that are not user-friendly. Herein, we report that an air-stable d2 Re(V) alkylidyne precatalyst complex mediates ROAMP in a controlled fashion, even tolerating free hydroxyl groups in the monomer. This polymerization exhibits excellent control, with up to 700 degrees of polymerization of nonyne monomers with a low to moderate molecular weight dispersity. The metal can be cleaved from the polymer chain by means of cross-metathesis with commercially available phenylacetylenes. Additionally, this polymerization shows living character, which enables the preparation of block copolymers. These results highlight the potential of Re(V)-mediated polymerizations to enable a broader use of ROAMP for the synthesis of functional macromolecules.

Highly Enantioselective Reductions of 2H-Azirines. Zheng, Y.; Ng, E.W. H.; Rizzo, A.;* Chiu, P.* ACS Catal. 2026, 16, 7749-7757. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6c00982

Abstract: A highly enantioselective reduction of prochiral 2H-azirines has been achieved, mediated by chiral copper-hydride complexes. Both alkylated and arylated mono- and trisubstituted 2H-azirines are reduced to afford N–H aziridines in high yields (up to 96%) and enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). Such aziridines are building blocks of wide synthetic utility, and to demonstrate this, we executed a gram-scale synthesis of the aziridine precursor (96% ee) of a neuro-peptide Y Y5 receptor antagonist. DFT calculations reveal distinct origins of enantioselectivity depending on the substrate: attractive dispersion interactions between aryl groups govern stereocontrol in monosubstituted azirines, whereas geometric distortion of the copper hydride dictates selectivity in the sterically demanding trisubstituted azirines.

2024

Dearomative Intramolecular (4+3) Cycloadditions of Thiophenes. Zheng, Y.; Chen, Y.; He, Y.; Rizzo, A.; Zhou, Y.; Low, K. H.; Krenske, E. H. *; Chiu, P. * Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, e202407059. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202407059

Abstract: Unexpectedly facile dearomative intramolecular (4+3) cycloadditions of thiophenes with epoxy enolsilanes, providing sulfur-bridged cycloadducts, are reported. A total of fifteen thiophene substrates have been found to undergo (4+3) cycloaddition smoothly to produce endo and exo (4+3) adducts in yields of up to 83 % with moderate to good diastereoselectivity. Complete conservation of enantiomeric purity was observed when the optically enriched epoxide was used. The desulfurizing transformations of the sulfur-bridged skeleton of the cycloadducts provide functionalized 6,7-fused bicyclic frameworks consisting of 1,3-cycloheptadiene subunits. Density functional theory calculations reveal the origins of the facile dearomatization of thiophenes in these (4+3) cycloadditions.

Diastereo- and Enantioselective Construction of Stereochemical Arrays Exploiting Non-Classical Hydrogen Bonding in Enolborates. Li, M.; Scheeff, S.; Chen, J.; Johnston, R. C.; Rizzo, A.; Krenske, E. H.*; Chiu, P.* Chem. Eur. J. 2024, e202401485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202401485

Abstract: We report a copper-catalyzed reductive aldol addition to aldehydes and ketones, with pinacolborane as stoichiometric reductant, that results in the generation of stereodefined syn-aldol products. Cyclic, acyclic, fused and spirocyclic aldols bearing contiguous stereocenters are obtained with excellent yields and diastereoselectivities. Moreover, enantioselective reactions could be carried out with cycloalkenones to deliver aldols bearing three contiguous stereocenters and with up to 98 % ee. Computations reveal that the enolborate intermediate undergoes the syn-aldol reaction via a twist-boat transition state that is stabilized by non-classical hydrogen bonding interactions.

Practical Access to Trisubstituted Morita-Baylis-Hillman-Type Products Through Copper-catalyzed Reductive Aldol Reactions of Alkynones. Scheeff, S.; Chiu, P.* Asian J. Org. Chem. 2024, e202400422. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202400422

Abstract: We report a convenient and diastereoselective copper-catalyzed reductive alkynone aldol addition to aldehydes, with pinacolborane as stoichiometric reductant, that results in the generation of densely functionalized, trisubstituted (Z)-enone products analogous to Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts. We demonstrate that the reaction proceeds via an allenolborate, which we have characterized by NMR spectroscopy. A range of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes can be reductively coupled with various non-terminal alkynones.

Intermolecular (4 + 3) Cycloadditions of Oxetanyl and Azetidinyl Enolsilanes. Chen, C. Z.; Chen, Y.; Rizzo, A.; Chiu, P.* J. Org. Chem. 2024, 89, 17910–17916. Selected as a Featured Article by the Journal of Organic Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02196

Abstract: We report the intermolecular (4 + 3) cycloadditions of oxetanyl and azetidinyl enolsilanes with different dienes by silylium catalysis to generate bicyclic scaffolds. These enolsilanes were competent to react with furans, cyclopentadiene, and 1,3-cyclohexadiene to deliver cycloadducts in up to 96% yields.

2022

Chemoselective and Diastereoselective Intramolecular (3+2) Cycloadditions of Epoxy and Aziridinyl Enolsilanes. Chen, Y.; Ling, J.; Keto, A. B.; He, Y.; Low, K. H.; Krenske, E. H.;* Chiu, P.* Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, e202116099.

Abstract: Epoxy and aziridinyl enolsilanes react as oxyallylic cation equivalents in highly chemo- and diastereoselective intramolecular (3+2) cycloadditions with a range of dienes and olefins. With acyclic dienes, the (3+2) cycloaddition outcompetes the (4+3) pathway traditionally observed in this kind of system almost exclusively. With both conjugated dienes and isolated olefins, excellent diastereoselectivities are observed, and cycloadducts can be obtained in optically-enriched forms. Computational studies indicate that the stepwise (3+2) cycloaddition involves an activated epoxy/aziridinyl intermediate and the conformational flexibility of the intermediate determines the preference for (3+2) cycloadduct formation. Further transformations of the (3+2) cycloadducts produce densely functionalized trans-hydrindane scaffolds.

Direct Asymmetric Reductive Amination of α-Keto Acetals: A Platform for Synthesizing Diverse α-Functionalized Amines. Shi, Y.; Wang, J.; Yang, F.; Wang, C.; Zhang, X.;* Chiu, P.; Yin, Q.* Chem. Commun. 2022, 58, 513-516. doi: 10.1039/D1CC06601C

Abstract: We report an efficient and straightforward method to synthesize enantio-enriched N-unprotected α-amino acetals via ruthenium-catalyzed direct asymmetric reductive amination. The α-amino acetal products are versatile and valuable platform molecules that can be converted to the corresponding α-amino acids, amino alcohols, and other derivatives by convenient transformations.

Copper-catalyzed Reductive Ireland-Claisen Rearrangements of Propargylic Acrylates and Allylic Allenoates. Guo, S.; Wong, K. C.; Scheeff, S.; He, Z.; Chan, W. T. K.; Low, K.-H.; Chiu, P.* J. Org. Chem. 2022, 87, 429-452. doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.1c02455

Abstract: The copper-catalyzed reductive Ireland–Claisen rearrangement of propargylic acrylates led to 3,4-allenoic acids. The use of silanes or pinacolborane as stoichiometric reducing agents and triethylphosphite as a ligand facilitated the divergent and complementary selectivity for the synthesis of diastereomeric anti- and syn-rearranged products, respectively. Copper-catalyzed reductive Ireland–Claisen rearrangement of allylic 2,3-allenoates proceeded effectively only when pinacolborane was used as a reductant to generate various 1,5-dienes in excellent yields and with good diastereoselectivities in some cases. Mechanistic studies showed that the silyl and boron enolates, rather than the copper enolate, underwent a stereospecific rearrangement via a chairlike transition state to afford the corresponding Claisen rearrangement products.

2021

Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,2-Reduction of Cycloalkenones. Shi, Y. J.; Wang, J. X.; Yin, Q.; Zhang, X. M.*; Chiu, P.* Org. Lett. 2021, 23, 5658-5663. doi: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01744

Abstract: We report an asymmetric 1,2-reduction of cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones to access various enantiomerically enriched cyclic allylic alcohols under mild conditions, catalyzed by in situ generated copper hydride ligated with (R)-DTBM-C3*-TunePhos. α-Brominated cycloalkenones were reduced with excellent enantioselectivities of up to 98% ee, while substrates that were without α-substituents were reduced chemoselectively, with moderate enantioselectivities.

2019

Pyrroles as Dienes in (4+3) Cycloadditions. Hu, F.; Ng, J. P. L.; Chiu, P.* Synthesis. 2019, 51, 1073-1086. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1611660

Abstract: This Short Review summarizes the examples to date of successful (4+3) cycloadditions, including formal (4+3) cycloadditions, where pyrrole derivatives reacted as the diene component, to provide aza-bridged bicyclic and polycyclic adducts.

2018

Applications of (4+3) Cycloadditions in Natural Product Synthesis. Yin, Z. S.; He, Y.; Chiu, P.* Chem. Soc. Rev. 2018, 47, 8881-8924. DOI: 10.1039/C8CS00532J. Part of the themed collection: New Directions in Natural Product Synthesis.

Abstract: (4+3) Cycloadditions and its variants have been widely applied in synthesis. In this review article, we summarize some of more recent applications of (4+3) cycloadditions, including formal (4+3) cycloadditions, in the synthesis of natural products. Many of these natural product targets have cycloheptanoid frameworks for which the (4+3) cycloaddition is a convergent strategy for their assembly. Some natural product targets do not possess seven membered rings, and their syntheses have exploited the functional group endowed (4+3) cycloadducts resulting from these reactions, highlighting the utility of this methodology for the synthesis of many kinds of complex molecules.

Intramolecular (4+3) Cycloadditions of Pyrroles and Application to the Synthesis of Class II Galbulimima Alkaloids. He, J.; Chen, Z.; Li, W.; Low, K.H.; Chiu, P.* Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 5253-5256. doi: 10.1002/anie.201711439

Abstract: The first intramolecular (4+3) cycloadditions with pyrroles to generate optically-enriched cycloadducts having the nortropane substructure occurred in good yields with epoxy enolsilanes as electrophiles. Using this pyrrole cycloaddition as the key step, we have achieved the asymmetric synthesis of the BCDEF rings common to the Class II galbulimima alkaloids.

Synthesis and Applications of Unquaternized C-bound Boron Enolates. Ng., E. W. H.; Low, K.H.; Chiu, P.* J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 3537-3541. doi:10.1021/jacs.8b00614

Abstract: A general and facile method to prepare unquaternized C-bound boron enolates by a ligand-controlled O-to-C isomerization is reported. Using this protocol, C-bound pinacolboron enolates have been isolated in pure form for the first time, and have been fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. In contrast to the general perception, such C-boron enolates are stable without coordinative saturation at the boron. Moreover, C-boron enolates present reactivities that are distinct from the O-boron enolates, and their applications in C‒O and C‒C bond formations are demonstrated.

Application of a Rhodium-catalyzed Cyclization Cycloaddition Cascade Strategy to the Total Synthesis of (-)-Curcumol. Zhang, X. X.;* Ko, R. Y. Y.; Xie, X. Q.; Qi, W. P.; Li, P. C.; Chiu, P.* Org. Chem. Front., 2018, 5, 1092-1095. doi: 10.1039/C7QO01150D

Transannular [4+3] Cycloadditions of Macrocyclic Epoxy Ketones. Chan, D.; Chen, Y.; Low, K. H.; Chiu, P.* Chem.-Eur. J. 2018, 24, 2375-2378. doi: 10.1002/chem.201800019/full

Abstract: Transannular [4+3] cycloadditions of dienophiles derived from macrocyclic epoxy ketones produce fused ring systems having central cycloheptane subunits. In some cases, base directly induced cycloisomerization of the epoxy ketones to yield the cycloadducts; in others, the epoxy ketones were transformed into their corresponding enolsilanes before undergoing cycloaddition. Enantiomerically-enriched tricyclic arrays are obtained from cycloadditions starting from optically pure epoxy ketones.

An Approach to the Welwistatin Core via a Diazoketone Rearrangement–Ring Expansion Strategy. Lam. S. M.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Org. Lett. 2017, 19, 4468–4471. DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01988

Rearrangements of α-Diazo-β-Hydroxyketones for the Synthesis of Bicyclo[m.n.1]alkanones. Li, Z.; Lam, S. M.; Ip, I.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Org. Lett. 2017, 19, 4464–4467. DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01963

A Natural Product-like JAK2/STAT3 Inhibitor Induces Apoptosis of Malignant Melanoma Cells. Wu, K. J.; Huang J. M.; Zhong, H. J.; Dong Z. Z.; Liu, C.; Lu, J.-J.; Chen, X. P.; Chiu, P; Kwong, D. W.; Han, Q. B.; Ma, D. L.*; Leung, C. H.* PLoS One, 2017, 12(6) e0177123. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177123

Dearomative Intramolecular (4+3) Cycloadditions of Arenes with Epoxy and Aziridinyl Enolsilanes. Ling, J.; Lam, S.; Low, K.-H.; Chiu, P.* Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 8879–8882. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704155

Tetrandrine, an Activator of Autophagy, Induces Autophagic Cell Death via PKC-α Inhibition and mTOR-Dependent Mechanisms. Wong, V. K. W.; Zeng, W.; Chen J.; Yao, X. J.; Leung, E. L.; Wang Q. Q.; Chiu, P.*; Ko, B. C. B.*; Law, B. Y. K.* Front. Pharmacol. 2017, 8:351. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00351

2017

2016

3-Quinuclidinol. First Update. Y. Chen, Chiu, P.* In: Electronic Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (e-EROS). John Wiley & Sons, 2016.

"Goldilocks Effect" of Water in Lewis-Brønsted Acid and Base Catalysis. Barron, B. J.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.; Hii, K. K.* ACS Catalysis. 2016, 6, 4189–4194. DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00800

Epoxy and Aziridinyl Enolsilanes in Diastereoselective Inter- and Intramolecular Friedel–Crafts Alkylations. Ling, J.; Lam, S. K.; Lo, B.; Lam, S.; Wong, W. T.; Chen, G.; Sun, J.; Chiu, P.* Org. Chem. Front. 2016, 3, 457–461. DOI: 10.1039/C5QO00333D.This article is selected to be in the themed collection: Hot articles in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2016.

Copper Hydride-Catalyzed Reductive Claisen Rearrangements. Wong, K. C.; Ng, E.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Chem. – Eur. J. 2016, 22, 3709–3712. DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504870. This article is part of a Special Issue: Women in Chemistry.

2015

Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Cortistatin A and J. Kuang, L.; Liu, L. L.; Chiu, P.* Chem. – Eur. J. 2015, 21, 14287–14291. DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502890. Selected as a Hot Paper by the Journal. Also highlighted in: Organic Chemistry Highlights: http://www.organic-chemistry.org/Highlights/2016/29August.shtm

Further studies on sultones derived from carbene cyclization cycloaddition cascades. Groß, T.; Herrmann, T.; Shi, B.; Jäger, A.; Chiu, P.; Metz, P.* Tetrahedron, 2015, 71, 5925–5931. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.095

Concerted Ring-Opening and Cycloaddition of Chiral Epoxy Enolsilanes with Dienes. Krenske, E. H.*; Lam, S.; Ng, J. P. L.; Lo, B.; Lam, S. K.; Chiu, P.*; Houk, K. N.* Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 7422–7425. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503003

Cycloaddition Reactions of Carbonyl Ylides Derived From Enones. Yu, Y.; Cornelissen, L.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Synlett 2015, 26 (11), 1553–1556. DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1379926. Invited Contribution to Special Issue dedicated to Prof. K. C. Vollhardt.

Total Synthesis of (–)-Dolastatrienol. Leung, L. T.; Chiu, P.* Chem. – Asian J. 2015, 10, 1042–1049. DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403325. Selected as a VIP (Very Important Paper)

2014

Virtual screening and optimization of Type II inhibitors of JAK2 from a natural product library. Ma, D. L.*; Chan, D. S.-H.; Wei, G.; Zhong, H. J.; Yang, H.; Leung, L. T.; Gullen, E. A.; Chiu, P.*; Cheng, Y. C.*; Leung, C. H.* Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 13885–13888. DOI: 10.1039/C4CC04498C

Vinyl Epoxides in Organic Synthesis. He, J.; Ling, J.; Chiu, P.* Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 8037–8128. DOI: 10.1021/cr400709j

Intermolecular (4+3) cycloadditions of aziridinyl enolsilanes. Lam, S. K.; Lam, S.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Chem. Commun. 2014, 50 (14), 1738–1741. DOI: 10.1039/C3CC48266A

[4+3] Cycloadditions of Enolsilane Derivatives. Lam, S. Y. Y.; Chiu, P.* In: Methods and Applications of Cycloaddition Reactions in Organic Synthesis (MACROS), N. Nishiwaki, Ed. Wiley Blackwell, 2014, Chapter 18, pp. 565–598.

Hexa-μ-hydrohexakis(triphenylphosphine)hexacopper. First Update. Chiu, P.*; Ng, W. H. In: Electronic Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (e-EROS). John Wiley & Sons, 2014, pp. 1–9.

2010–2013

Asymmetric (4+3) Cycloadditions of Optically Enriched Epoxy Enolsilanes. Lo, B.; Lam, S.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 12120–12123. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207427. Selected as a Hot Paper by Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.

An Adventure in Synthesis Inspired by the Pseudolaric Acids. Chiu, P. In: Strategies and Tactics in Organic Synthesis, M. Harmata, Ed. Academic Press, 2012; Volume 8, Chapter 3, pp. 55–78.

Enantiomerically Enriched (4+3) Cycloadducts Derived from Optically Active Epoxy Enolsilanes. Lam, S.; Lo, B.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Asian J. Org. Chem. 2012, 1, 30–33. DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201200038. Selected as a VIP (Very Important Paper) and Front cover

Desymmetrizing reductive aldol cyclizations of enethioate derivatives of 1,3-diones catalyzed by chiral copper hydride. Ou, J.; Wong, W.-T.; Chiu, P.* Org. Biomol. Chem. 2012, 10, 5971–5978. DOI: 10.1039/C2OB25206F. Invited Contribution to the 10th Anniversary Issue of Org. Biomol. Chem.

Reductive aldol cyclizations of unsaturated thioester derivatives of 1,3-cyclopentanedione catalyzed by chiral copper hydrides. Ou, J.; Wong, W. T.; Chiu, P.* Tetrahedron, 2012, 68, 3450–3456. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.057. Invited Contribution to Tetrahedron Special Issue on “New trends in enantioselective catalysis with copper (I)” .

Desymmetrization of meso [3.2.1] oxabicyclic systems using metal-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular C–H insertion. Zhang, X.; Li, Z.; Chu, J. C. K.; Chiu, P.* Tetrahedron Lett. 2011, 52, 6763–6766. DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.10.026

Non-cross-linked polystyrene-supported triphenylarsonium halides and their use in the arsa-Wittig reaction. Lau, K. C. Y.; Chiu, P.* Tetrahedron, 2011, 67, 8769–8774. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.09.005

Conjugate reductions and reductive aldol cyclizations of α,β-unsaturated thioesters catalyzed by (BDP)CuH. Li, N.; Ou, J.; Miesch, M.; Chiu, P.* Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011, 9, 6143–6147. DOI: 10.1039/C1OB05352C

A Protecting-Group-Free Route to Chiral BINOL–Phosphoric Acids. Li, B.; Chiu, P.* Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2011, 3932–3937. DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100328

Synthesis of fluorinated analogues of the immunosuppressive drug FTY720. Ko, R. Y. Y.; Chu, J. C. K.; Chiu, P.* Tetrahedron, 2011, 67, 2542–2547. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.028

An expeditious asymmetric synthesis of the pentacyclic core of the cortistatins by an intramolecular (4+3) cycloaddition. Liu, L. L.; Chiu, P.* Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3416–3417. DOI: 10.1039/C1CC00087J. Selected as a Hot Article by Chem. Commun.

Facial Selectivity and Regiospecificity in the (4+3) Cycloaddition of Epoxy Enol Silanes. Lo, B.; Chiu, P.* Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 864–867. DOI: 10.1021/ol102897d

Pseudolaric Acids: Isolation, Bioactivity and Synthetic Studies. Leung, L. T.; Ko, B. C. B.; Chiu, P.* Nat. Prod. Rep. 2010, 27, 1066–1083. DOI: 10.1039/B906520M. Invited Review.

Alisol B, a Novel Inhibitor of the Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase Pump, Induces Autophagy,
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis. Law, B. Y. K.; Wang, M.; Ma, D.-L.; Al-Mousa, F.; Michelangeli, F.; Cheng, S.-H..; Ng, M. H. L.; To, K.-F.; Mok, A. Y. F.; Ko, R. Y. Y.; Lam, S. K.; Chen, F.; Che, C.-M.; Chiu, P.*; Ko, B. C. B.* Mol. Cancer Ther. 2010, 69, 718–730. DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0700